How to Get Your U.S. Student Visa
Here are the steps to follow for a successful student visa application.
Getting your visa to study in the United States takes time but can be a surprisingly easy procedure. Universities, colleges, and schools in the United States continue to be very interested in welcoming students from all countries. While the application process for an international student or exchange visitor visa can be confusing, hundreds of thousands of students are able to meet the requirements for a visa each year.
Last year 357,839 F-1 Student visas were issued, and there were 1,236,748 students in the United States on F and M visas!
After a college, university, or English language school has accepted you for admission to full-time study, the school will send you a document called an I-20 form, which is the application for an F-1 student visa. Here are other articles that can help you:
- Applying for Your Student Visa – The Basics
- Understanding the F-1, J-1 and M-1 Visas
- What to Do if Your Student Visa Is Denied
- Make Your U.S. Visa Application Process Easier
- Tips for Getting Your Student Visa
If you will be an Exchange Visitor, the organization or U.S. government agency that is sponsoring you will send you a DS-2019 form, which is the application for a J-1 visa.
You can visit the website of the United States Embassy or Consulate in your country at usembassy.gov. Go to Homeland Security to read about visas and the correct procedure currently in place for Nonimmigrant Visas.
Here are some guidelines to help make your student visa application process smooth and successful.
1. APPLICATION
Your school or university will send you a form confirming that you have been accepted at an institution authorized by the U.S. Citizenship and Naturalization Service (USCIS) to enroll non-immigrant students (the I-20 for an F-1 visa or the DS-2019 for a J-1 visa.) You will read and sign this form.
Be careful to make sure that the name and spelling on your passport are exactly the same as the name and spelling on your application for acceptance to the school and that the school has entered your name as it appears on your passport on the I-20 or DS-2019 Form.
All applicants’ names have to be submitted for a security clearance. Citizens of some countries and students who will study certain subjects at an American university have to undergo additional screenings that take several additional weeks of processing. Again, it is crucial that you allocate plenty of time for the student visa application process.
2. APPOINTMENT
You will need to make an appointment for a visa interview and to pay some required fees. Under a revision in the regulations, Student Visas can be issued up to 120 days before the date on your I-20 form. Exchange Visitor Visas can be issued anytime before the date on the DS-2019. You should apply as early as possible for your visa.
Each U.S. Embassy has a website providing instructions on how to make an appointment for a visa interview and other information on the visa application process. The website for the embassy in your country can be located at U.S. Embassy.
Another useful website is the U.S. Department of State—Bureau of Consular Affairs, which can also tell you the expected wait time for a visa in your country. International student visa applicants should receive priority from the embassy or consulate. So, if your academic program begins soon, be sure to explain this when applying for your visa.
You may wish to visit or contact the nearest U.S. Department of State-affiliated EducationUSA advising center office in your country. Centers are located throughout the world and listed at EducationUSA. The staff at these centers will be able to offer guidance and explain where to pay the visa fees and how to schedule your interview.
There is now a US$350 SEVIS fee for F and M visa applicants and $220 for most J Visa applicants, which supports the cost of the computer system used to record your stay in the United States (SEVIS). You can pay this fee with an internationally valid credit card. Go to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to pay and make sure you print a copy of your receipt. You must pay the SEVIS fee at least three days before the date of your student visa interview. Bring a copy of your receipt to your visa interview.
You will also need to pay an additional US$160 for the visa application fee in your country at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate or at a bank that the embassy designates. Specific information on where to pay the visa application fee can be found on the website of the U.S. embassy in your country.
3. COMPLETING VISA APPLICATION
The United States is using a new non-immigrant visa application form — DS-160 — that should be completed online. This form replaces all of the other forms. Instructions for completing the form and links to the form can be found here.
Complete and submit the DS-160 form online completely. Again, remember to use the exact same order and spelling of your names as they are found in your passport. There is now an additional question that requires you to list any social media accounts you have such as Facebook. Then you will print them out and bring them to the embassy when you go for your student visa interview.
You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. Your photo must be in the format explained in the Photograph Requirements section: U.S. Department of State.
If the upload of your photo fails, you must bring the photo with you when you go for your interview. Some Embassies also request you bring an extra photo to your interview.
4. VISA INTERVIEW
Prepare for your visa interview. It is extremely crucial that you apply for your visa well in advance of the date your studies begin. If possible, apply for your student visa three months before you plan to travel to study in the USA. This will give you extra time if there are delays at the embassy or if you wish to appeal a decision in the event of a denial.
- 3 Tips to Prepare for Your F1 Visa Interview
- Make Your U.S. Visa Application Process Easier
- How do I get my US student visa?
What you wear is important. Consider the interview a formal event. Business attire is appropriate. First impressions can be crucial since there will be little time to speak with the officer, who will often have only a few minutes to conduct the interview and make a decision.
Be prepared to give your information quickly and completely. If you are unable to answer the questions in English, and the visa officer does not speak your language, you can ask for an interpreter. Speaking English is not a requirement for a student visa. In fact, thousands of students come to study in the United States each year to learn how to speak English.
The visa officer needs to know your specific objectives, both academic and professional, for studying in the United States. Be prepared to explain why it is better to study your specific field in an American university than to study at home. Be ready to say exactly what you will study and for what career your U.S. studies will prepare you. Calmly state your education plans concisely and clearly.
If you are going to the USA to learn the English language and then earn a degree, be able to explain your complete program of study. Remember, it is not enough to just say, “It is better to study in the United States.” Give valid reasons why it is better for you. Visa officers like to hear honest, direct responses to questions. They generally react poorly to applicants who give vague answers, memorize a speech, or make overly solicitous comments about how great and wonderful the United States is.
You should also be able to explain in detail why you chose to study at a specific school and be able to give information about that school and where you will live (dormitory, host family, or apartment).
If you will return home to complete university studies after studying English in the United States, bring proof of your student status in your country. A letter from a university professor supporting your study plan can be helpful. Young people around the world are often unsure of their plans. However, in the student visa interview, it is best to give definite answers. If you seem to be unsure about what you will be doing, the visa officer may believe that you are really going to the United States for reasons other than education.
Grades do make a difference. If your marks are below average, be ready to provide an explanation on how you are going to succeed in the United States. A letter from a school director or teacher, or from your U.S. admitting school stating that the proposed program to study in the United States makes sense and explaining your good prospects for success can be helpful. If there were special circumstances (such as a death or illness in the immediate family) that contributed to the poor grades, have the school explain those special circumstances.
The U.S. Department of State (DOS) has implemented an online tool that nonimmigrant and immigrant student visa applicants can use to check the status of their application: Visa Status Check
Financing
You must have adequate, demonstrable financial support to live and study in the USA. Visa applications are generally stronger if the financial support comes from family, employers, or other institutional sponsors located in the home country.
If your parents will pay for your education, be ready to document how your family gets its income. Bring a letter from your parents' employers stating what they do, how long they have worked at those organizations, and how much they earn.
When visa officers see information that is contradictory or does not make sense, they do not grant visas. If your family can only show enough income to support you in the United States, the officer will become suspicious.
Large sums of money in bank accounts may not be sufficient proof of financial support. When providing information about your bank accounts, ask someone at your bank for a letter that states how long the account has existed, and what the average balance in the account has been. That should convince the visa officer that you and your family have a long and stable history of business at the bank.
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"Intent to Return"
Most exchange visitor and student visa applications are approved. The most common reason for a student or exchange visitor application to be denied is that the person applying for the visa has not proven to the visa officer that they will return to their country when they complete their studies in the U.S. This rule is called Section 214.b.
To determine your "intent to return" home, the visa officer will ask you a series of questions about your connections to your home country and about your study plans. You will have to demonstrate to the officer that your family has the ability to pay for the first year of your proposed stay in the United States and that you have realistic plans to finance the remainder of your study abroad.
You must have all of the required forms with you, including your I-20 or DS-2019 and the SEVIS payment receipt. You should bring any financial documents to demonstrate how you will pay for your education and any documents that might help demonstrate why you will return to your country. Some examples of such documents are previous passports demonstrating travel abroad, bank or salary statements, family documents, or student records.
If all else fails...
If you are denied a student visa there may be something you can do to reverse the denial. You may appeal the decision. In most cases, you will need to provide additional documentation that was not presented with the initial application. In some cases, a visa officer may request additional documents like proof of employment or ownership of a home or business. You should respond with the information requested.
A fax or email from your U.S. school to the embassy or consulate in your city containing details about your qualifications, and requesting reconsideration, can be helpful in pursuing a successful appeal. Faxes should be addressed to the Chief of Nonimmigrant Visas at the Consular post in question. Fax and telephone numbers are available on the page of the Embassy or Consulate where you will apply for the visa on the Department of State website at usembassy.state.gov. Look under “Contact Us.”
Six Tips for Your Student Visa Interview
- Wear a business suit or dress
- Be specific when you answer questions
- Bring bank statements or proof of employment
- Provide details of your study plans
- Stay calm and be professional
- Tell the truth
Once a visa is approved, you should receive your student visa within a few days.
The USA issues different types of visas to students:
A full-time student would receive an F-1 or M-1 visa.
Your spouse and children would receive F-2 or M-2 visas.
An Exchange Visitor would receive a J-1 visa. Exchange Visitors come to the USA for consultation, training, research, or teaching, or for an approved Au Pair or temporary work position.
Last year 357,839 F-1 Student visas were issued and there were 1,236,748 students in the United States on F and M visas!
What has changed?
It is easier to say what hasn’t changed. Visas to study in the United States are still being issued. Universities, boarding schools, and English language programs are still welcoming international students from any country. Just take a look at these videos from universities across the United States:
Visa officers are giving increased scrutiny to all visa applicants. This simply means that you need to make sure you are well-prepared for your student visa interview. Be sure to follow the suggestions in the accompanying article. You should be able to explain in the very brief visa interview why you want to study in the USA, what you will study and how this will prepare you for work in your country when you finish your studies. You need to be able to explain why you applied to the school that has accepted you and how you will pay for your studies and living expenses. You may also be asked additional questions, including your identity, on social networks like Facebook.
Wait times for interviews and visa issuance may be longer, so it is especially important to apply for your visa as far in advance as possible. Your student visa can be issued as early as 120 days before you start your program.
Read our article here on What to Do if Your Student Visa Is Denied.
William M. Fish
by William Fish
William Fish meets regularly with U.S. Consular Affairs Officers in Washington, D.C. and in overseas embassies and consulates. He is President of the Washington International Education Council, which promotes international educational exchange. He can be contacted at wfish@washcouncil.org, www.washcouncil.org
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